Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance free essay sample

Langston Hughes an African American writer and poet, that used his literary skills to advocate Civil Rights during the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance was period in the 1920’s in which African Americans strived to produce literary and intellectual works in order enhance African American culture. At that time the Harlem Renaissance was called the â€Å"New Negro Movement†.] Langston Hughes is the most well known leader of the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes supported his cause by producing literary works. Langston Hughes’s poems appear in The Crisis and The Nation. Hughes also, with the assistance of of other Harlem Renaissance leaders, created the magazine, Fire!! Devoted to Younger Negro Artists. The Harlem Renaissance strongly affected Hughes’s writings. Langston Hughes’s work during the Harlem Renaissance reflected how he felt about African Americans and racial injustice. His writing include emphasizing African American pride, encouragement for African Americans to keep fighting for civil justice and talk of African American culture becoming great. We will write a custom essay sample on Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These ideas that Hughes wrote about were evident in the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance was specifically targeting African Americans and mostly only affected African Americans. The Harlem Renaissance affected African Americans exactly in the way it was supposed to, many African Americans began practicing literature and the arts. Just as the â€Å"New Negro Movement† wanted to do, to change African American culture more literary and art oriented. Langston Hughes’s writing impacted the African American people that read it during the Harlem Renaissance, his writing made them think about African American culture at that time period. Hughes’s writing influenced people to become immersed in literature and the arts. This affected the U.S. in a big way. Now the African American people are reading and writing literature and creating art. This now meant that the African American population was now producing more artistic and literary works, which increased the overall literary output of our country. This also made some white people less racist because it is hard to be racist against someone that has music that you listen to, or books that you read or art you admire.

Hide Your Children, For The Boogeyman Is Real Professor Ramos Blog

Hide Your Children, For The Boogeyman Is Real The Boogey Man. The Brooklyn Vampire. The Werewolf of Wysteria. The Gray Man. All of these spooky monster names are alias’ of one twisted, perverted, sadomasochistic serial killer and cannibal: Albert Fish.   This evil man haunted the nightmares of all parents in the New York area during the early 20th century. His crimes were chillingly well-calculated, and unthinkable. His actions are remembered as some of the most disturbing and atrocious acts in history. What drives a person to commit the most heinous of crimes? What is driving their actions? Do they not have morals? Or, have they only tapped in to the darker side of human nature, that is present in more people than we realize? When we examine the life of Albert Fish, we see a vast range of causes that lead him to be the monster that he was. According to Juan Blanco’s Murderpedia, among eighteen found perversions was pedophilia, coprophilia, urophilia, and masochism. Upon closer examination, we find that Albert Fi sh was not only a psychopath, but a delusional religious maniac. These contributing factors helped create the disgusting monster that is, The Gray Man.                The infamously vile letter (left) sent to the parents of 10 year old Grace Budd (right) following her disappearance in 1935. Albert Fish’s span of terror lasted approximately 50 years- with his mayhem coming to a head in 1935 after the murder of 10-year-old Grace Budd, and the confession letter that went down in history as the vilest confession ever written. Artist Jole Cole, as interviewed in the film Albert Fish: In Sin He Found Salvation, considers this letter the magna carta of crime artifacts and the most tragic and painful document by a monster ever in print. He goes on to say that this letter conjures up so many amazing and frightening feelings within the subconscious. The letter in question was sent to the parents of the victim anonymously some seven years after her initial disappearance. In the revolting letter, he recalls how he visited their house to answer an ad that her older brother had posted about looking for summer work. Originally, he had planned to take her brother, but Grace’s boyish looks and tomboyish demeanor attracted him. Also in the letter, he replays how he got thei r permission to take her to a party. The letter then takes an even darker turn, as he states â€Å"I took her to an empty house in Westchester I had already picked out. When we got there, I told her to remain outside. She picked wildflowers. I went upstairs and stripped all my clothes off. I knew if I did not I would get her blood on them. When all was ready I went to the window and called her†¦.I grabbed her and she said she would tell her mamma†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦How she did kick, bite and scratch. I choked her to death, then cut her in small pieces so I could take my meat to my rooms. Cook and eat it†¦.It took me 9 days to eat her entire body†¦she died a virgin†. Earlier in the letter, he claims that prior to Grace’s murder, he had met a friend named Captain John Davis, travelling from Hong Kong who told him of how delicious the meat of children was. Due to a famine in China at the time, children under the age of 12 (supposedly) were sold for meat. I would infer that his interaction with John Davis was a sufficient cause in his cannibalism, as his experiences inspired Fish to take his sadomasochistic tendencies to a whole new level. A mugshot of a younger Albert Fish (1903, Grand Larceny) Albert Fish was born Hamilton Howard Fish, on May 19th 1870 in Washington D.C. Juan Blanco notes in his article on Murderpedia, that after being teased and ridiculed growing up as â€Å"Ham and Eggs†, he changed his name to Albert. When Fish was a young child his father, who was 43 years older than his mother, died suddenly of a heart attack. His mother then put him into an orphanage where he was beaten and whipped, which lead to some of his unusual behaviors later in life. The orphanage was where he first discovered that he enjoyed pain and seeing others in pain. He would again be teased, but this time for becoming aroused at the sight of other boys having pain inflicted upon him. This discovery of sexual pleasure lead to his first homosexual encounters at a very young age. After all this exposure to abuse, sex, and strange perversions, Albert became a prostitute. He engaged in bizarre sexual activities with both males and females, including oral perversions on partnersâ€⠄¢ rectums, and urophilia. This dysfunctional childhood, and disturbing events at such an impressionable age would be sufficient causes to the later terrors that Albert Fish inflicted on young boys, and young girls. Aside from outward and physical events in Albert’s life, he was also battling severe insanity and delusions of religious grandeur. Katherine Ramslad PhD., the author of The Human Predator, states that Albert Fish is what we today would categorize as a psychopath; meaning he was intelligent enough to know what he needed to do to elude the law. He used the rouse of being a kind old man, and knew how to manipulate and exploit a situation to get what he wanted. He developed a persona to allow him to move easily among people- someone no one would suspect. In addition, psychiatrist Dr. Frederick Wertham- the only one to perform an in depth analysis of his twisted mind after his capture, said about first meeting Fish: â€Å"He looked like a meek and innocuous man, little and benevolent. Friendly and polite. If you wanted someone to entrust your children to, he would be the one you would choose.† This speaks volumes to the manipulative and psychotic manner of this killer. He co uld get away with his crimes because his twisted mind was intelligent and complex. Intelligent? Yes. Sane? Absolutely not. Not only was Fish a psychopath, he was also a religious fanatic. Albert Fish’s life was synonymous with religion. He said grace at every meal, and knew all of the books of the bible. As a painter, he was even contracted to paint the angels on the ceiling of a church. He took special likings to religious figures such as St. Sebastian- who was shot full of arrows, St. Peter- who was crucified upside down, and John the Baptist- who was beheaded. These figures made dark impressions on Albert’s already twisted psyche. Albert Fish embodied the pathology that there was something beautiful and Godly about suffering. He thus followed the word of God without conscious of compassion- which was clearly very dangerous to others. In reference to the murder of Grace Budd, Fish said â€Å"This child would eventually be outraged and tortured and so forth†¦and that I could sacrifice her to prevent her future outrage†¦she could be saved in that way.† He genuinely believed that if what he was doing was wrong, an angel would have stopped him as an angel stopped Abraham in the bible, and that by mutilating this innocent child he was creating a martyr. Although the sacrifice gave him a sense of well being and satisfaction, he simultaneously gained erotic pleasures from the act. Cutting her up and consuming her, or drinking her blood as he did with other victims, provided him with a God-like entity. We normal human beings call these actions cannibalism and vampirism. Sacrifice and punishment were pleasurable experiences for him- so much so that he inflicted similar suffering upon himself. Fish used self-torture to cleanse himself of sin. His methods included shoving alcohol-soaked cotton balls up his rectum and lighting them on fire, and shoving some 28 needles into his abdomen (some remained there for up to 7 years). He clearly had a distorted vision of right and wrong, in addition to religious psychosis, which I would go ahead and say were necessary causes for him to commit the atrocities that he committed. Albert Fish is identifiable with thesis four of Jeffrey Cohen’s Monster Culture, The Monster Dwells at the Gates of Difference. In this thesis, Cohen describes monsters as a difference made flesh, come to dwell among us. There is no question that Albert Fish embodies this description. By no means is Fish a normal human, by regular or socially acceptable standards.   The difference in this monster is not only cultural, but sexual as well. He is a savage oddity, who knows no bounds and refuses to stay within the common constraints of the human race. He was an incurable and irreformable monster, with a skewed moral compass, and perverted view of acceptable behaviors. Before Albert Fish, his actions were ideas and possibilities not yet conceived by the American people. His methods were the opposite of traditional; they were different in the most atrocious and despicable ways. They redefined what a human being was capable of, and forever changed the way we as a society perceive t hings. Albert Fish in the electrocution chair at Sing Sing Prison in New York, Jan. 16th, 1936. Albert Fish roamed for fifty years, before he was captured and later executed, leaving a trail of devastation in his victims of molestation and murder. The damage he caused has been grounds for nightmares in parents and children alike, and will remain present for future generations. Although only convicted for five murders, it is believed by psychiatrists such as Dr. Wertham that he had murdered up to 15 children and potentially molested near 100 children. The horrific and gruesome crimes of this monstrous and despicable man will go down in history as some of the most foul acts ever committed by one human on another, and on children specifically. The actions of Albert Fish are nauseating, disturbing, and downright monstrous. There are so many shocking stories that involve this monster, and in this paper I have barely scratched the surface. A life of disfunction, torment, and trauma paired with insanity and religious mania lead this man to be the awful human he was. I have read about many serial killers and other criminals, and none of them have made me feel the level of disgust I have felt for Albert Fish. Ironically, this man who so devoutly served his God will rot in the depths of Hell for all eternity- provided you believe in that sort of thing. Annotated Bibliography Cohen, J Jeffrey. â€Å"Monster Culture (Seven Thesis) Monster Theory: Reading Culture, 1996 pp. 3-20. I will be using this to classify Albert Fish, my monster of choice, as a monster by these set standards. I will be utilizing theses 2, 3, and 5 specifically in making my argument. This is a scholarly source for my paper, as Cohen is a reliable source of information. Schechter, Harold, and David Everitt. The A to Z Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. Pocket, 2006. This book provides a brief introduction to my selected monster. I will use it to inspire my own words about him in my paper. This is a credible source because it is an encyclopedia and the authors are reliable. Blanco, Juan Ignacio. â€Å"Albert Fish/ Murderpedia, the Encyclopedia of Murderers.† Murderpedia.org/male.F/f/fish-albert.htm. This page provides me with a ton of information on Fish. It goes into detail of his early life, his crimes, and the way he is classified and seen in modern day times. I will use this extensively in my paper to research him and analyze why he did what he did. This is a credible source of information because it is a form of the encyclopedia, is fact checked, and has excerpts from legitimate hearings and interviews. John Borowski, et al. Albert Fish: In Sin He Found Salvation. Waterfront Productions, 2007. This will be a primary source for my paper. It is a documentary on my chosen monster, and I will use it to inspire my writing and inform me of his crimes. This film goes into disturbing detail, and will thoroughly educate me on the life of Albert Fish. Johnson, Bradley R, and Judith V Becker. â€Å"Natural Born Killers? The Development of the Sexually Sadistic Serial Killer.† J Am Acad Psychiatry Law, vol. 25, no. 3, 1997. Pp. 335-347., pdfs.semanticsscholar.org/095d/8b137d396f9b7debb227f2484922a7e0b4ad.pdf. This is a journal that takes a look at the psychology behind sexually sadistic serial killers- which Albert Fish is considered. It analyzes their twisted minds, and provides cases that I will relate to my own subject. This is a credible and scholarly source of information because the authors are MD and PhD.

Managing Integrated Global Supply Chains Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Integrated Global Supply Chains - Essay Example Acomb Tyres is by definition of the European Commission (2003) a medium enterprise because its turnover is less than 50 million and it employs less than 250 people. To put our study into context we need to understand issues that affect an SME enterprise when it attempts to internationalise. There have been many studies done on challenges of internationalising SMEs. We shall go over these challenges for Acomb Tyres to clearly understand what the issues are and then go on to show how internationalisation can be achieved at a lower risk. Szabo (2002) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) identifies five critical success factors (csf) for SMEs that internationalise. The first factor is managerial skills. The management style and skills required in managing an international entity are different from a national operating entity. It is those SMEs that acquire and apply the right kind of managerial skills that survive. Structured approach to management is very important and this entails a degree of formalisation of management processes. Szabo (2002) observes that SMEs that succeed"have a well-structured management, which concentrates on core activities." The third factor is to link up with appropriate partners and/or agents in the market. The presence of a local agent or partner is indispensable in navigating the unfamiliar waters of the new market. The ever present threat of bad debts can be ameliorated by linking with a knowledgeable local partner who can screen off suspect customers. Sometimes governments provide incentives to companies that can be accessed by companies who are using a local partner. A local partner can share the risk with the internationalising SME. The fourth factor is technical ability and knowledge. Foreign markets may have standards that are different from the SME's home market. Equipment may need to be certified to meet specified national standards and in the process the product may have to be modified. The final factor is the ability to respond quickly and decisively to enter a market. Decisions to enter a market should be made and acted upon on time. Opportunities do not last; only those enterprises that seize opportunities stand to gain. Acomb Tyres measure well on most of these critical factors. The area that needs attention concerns the issue of management. The company will have to train its managers for international business operations. In fact to strengthen management recruitment of skilled international managers is required. The business planning needs to be more structured than it is now. A clear documented long term strategic plan needs to be compiled to guide all the company's activities. How does an SME enterprise enter a foreign market Liu and Lu (2004) summarise the popular four stage Uppsala model for internationalisation as: Stage 1: No regular Export activities Stage 2: Export by independent Representatives Stage 3: Establishment of foreign satellite affiliates Stage 4: Installation of foreign production facilities This model enables the

Comp. Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Comp. Exam - Assignment Example This essay examines the evolving role of community college in the American higher education system. The two-year community college idea originated in the US and can be traced back to the latter part of the 19th century and the early part of the 20th century. Since its beginning, the community college program has been regarded as a significant part of the higher education system in the U.S. A formal definition of community colleges is expressed as follows: The term community college has also been used interchangeably with terms such as â€Å"junior college†, technical colleges and alternative colleges (Santos & Santos, 2006, p. 38). All indications are that community colleges are perceived as separate, but yet connected to the conventional four-year college system. As Santos and Santos (2006) explain, community colleges make provision for â€Å"comprehensive curricular offerings† inclusive of â€Å"academic transfer preparation, vocational-technical education, continuing education, developmental education and community services† (pp. 38-39). By the 1990s, community colleges became increasingly linked to vocational and workforce training and development (Santos & Santos, 2006). According to Baum, Little and Payea (2011), community colleges are perceived as â€Å"the access point to higher education for many students† (p. 1). In particular, access to higher education in the U.S. continues to be a problem as the socio-economically disadvantaged can rarely afford the high cost of tuition at accredited four-year colleges. Lower tuition and lower admission requirements have always made community colleges an alternative to this underserved population of Americans aspiring to achieve a post-secondary education. For the most part, students entering community colleges do so with a view to transferring over to a four-year college eventually (Beach, 2010). Conventional wisdom dictates, that once a student completes a two-year college degree and can

Is a Government Ban on Human Cloning Wrong Essay

Is a Government Ban on Human Cloning Wrong - Essay Example Human cloning can essentially be beneficial to humanity, as well as to science and technology, if it were guaranteed to be successful every time. However, on the side opposing human cloning, the greatest argument involves the morals and ethics of all human beings involved in the process of cloning a human, which are the cloned child, the egg donor, and the woman carrying the cloned child. Very few cloning experiments involving animals have been successful, and even many of those result in death after some time; as such, there is nothing to suggest that human cloning will be successful since there is more at risk. Attempting to clone a human being involves too many risks, and there is nothing to say that any attempt at human cloning will be a success, which makes any safety risks having been undergone in vain. While trying to clone a human, the cloned child might be born deformed or as a stillborn, and the egg donor and the woman carrying the cloned child might risk future problems wh en trying to naturally conceive children.

Analysing the cause and effect of Urban Riots

Analysing the cause and effect of Urban Riots Riots are civil disorders that are characterized by intense violence against people in authority or property. Since it is a herd behavior occurrence, many people take part and this leads to civil unrest. They usually occur as a result of a perceived grievance which people feel has not been adequately dealt with. The are many reasons as to why riots occur including; poor living conditions, oppression by the government, high taxation, ethnic diversity, religion or differing views of a sporting activity. Mostly, riots are accompanied by violence, vandalism and destruction of both private and public property. This can also be directed to a certain specific targets according to grievances on peoples minds (Gilje 2). In the United States of America, many riots took place during the Civil War and which saw many lives lost. As years progressed, new types of riots emerged as well as their cause. In 1960s, a new form of riots called urban Riots came in to being. In 1967 for instance, more than 120 cities in the U.S suffered more than 160 riots. The most notable among urban riots was the Newark riots of 1967 and Stonewall Riots of 1969; each of which had various reasons for its outbreak. In general though, between 1964 and 1971, there were about 752 spontaneous riots especially in black communities occurring in 316 American cities. Many of these conflagrations were however exaggerated by the media with only the major ones as already discussed having severe magnitude in terms of violence, arson and property damage. In exploring the various causes of such urban riots, many social scientists have advanced different theories. Among these reasons are racial grievances and competition for jobs in the inter-ethnic setups of communities. Further, in a search for answers as to why cities could experience racial riots of varying magnitudes, scholars usually focus on broad trends. Mainly they pinpoint the high unemployment rate amongst the blacks which they relate to cities or the whole nation as a whole. But it is evident that they ignore the local factors which too may provide more insight in to the causes of urban riots. This therefore led to a number of analysts confining their research on the event itself and the surrounding circumstances such as police mobilization (Gilje, 10). Based on this concept, it is important to find the effect of police presence and its effect on the magnitude or severity of an urban riot. The urban riots of 1960s were somewhat escalated by the intervention of the federal government. But this should not be misconstrued to imply that local and state place agents did not play any part. Eventually, upon studying a number of riots that occurred, it emerged that police response has a major impact on the nature of a riot. The timing so as to ensure there is not under-response or over-response is vital as police presence will determine the end result. It is also evident from history that many of American urban riots had a connection with racism. In many occurrences, such riots were initiated by the whites and were directed to blacks. This trend however changed in the 1960s when the roles were reversed and blacks found themselves initiating urban riots. The most notable of these include the Rochester race riot of 1964. This riot took place in Rochester, New York on Friday evening of July, 24th when the Rochester Police Department tried to arrest a nineteen year old intoxicated black on a street. The police after having been notified of him responded with a dog and since rumors of police brutality had spread quickly, an angry crowd formed on Joseph Avenue. This was followed by violence that lasted for three days leaving a trail of destruction. Statistics finally recorded 4 dead, 35 injured, 1000 arrested and 204 store houses looted. It later emerged that the local, especially the good kids had initiated the riot which the adults joined in later. This was further fueled by the fact that many African-Americans had low pay and low skill jobs and they used violence to cast their personal grievances (Wasow, web). The Philadelphia race riot of 1964 was in similar manner black-initiated. From August 28th to 30th, the black neighborhood of North Philadelphia erupted as they accused police of brutality. The Philadelphia Police Department had over the years tried to improve it relationship with the black majority, 400,000 in number, by patrolling the city in twos; one black and one white officer. Unfortunately, one black woman, Odessa Bradford, engaged a patrol squad in to an argument after her car had stalled on Columbia Avenue. As the two police officers attempted to force her to remove the car, a crowd formed and came to the rescue of Odessa. Due to crowd herding mentality, rumors started to flow that white police officers had mistreated a pregnant woman and thus violence ensued. The police response took a turn and instead of confronting rioters, they retreated and left the area. Final statistics showed 341 injured, 774 arrested and 225 stores looted or damaged in the course of three days. The urban riots left the North Philadelphia city without many vital businesses as many businessmen never returned. All in all, there were other urban riots which started due to racial segregation circumstances through out the 1960s. Their cause and eventual destruction of both property and live had similar characteristics as the already discussed ones. These included: Watts Riots in 1965, Hough Riots in 1966, Racial Tension in Omaha in 1966, Newark riots in 1967, Chicago Riots in 1968 and the 1969 North 24th Street Riot in Omaha. One thing that made these urban riots among many others to stand out is the large number of participants as well as the effects they finally caused. Statistics however show that despite the escalation of black-initiated urban riots in the 1960s, the number of occurrences decline at the turn of the decade. Government commissions that were formed to seek the cause of the riots indicated that majority of riots in the 1960s and early 1970s were due to racial grievances and deprivation. A commission that presented the Kerner Commission Report indicated that these riots were an aftermath of prior white discrimination of blacks and hence was unavoidable. Between 1970s and 1980s urban riots continued in many American cities albeit marked with less and less casualties like in the sixties. However, this did not remain for long since in 1992, a significant form of riots broke out in Los Angeles. These riots which started on April 29, were as a result of a beating Rodney King, a motorist, received in the hand s of Los Angeles Police Department officers. The prelude can be traced back to March 3, when King and two passengers were driving on Foothill highway. Upon being stopped they refused but chose to speed of under what transpired to be a high speed chase by traffic cops. The presence of five LAPD officers made the case worse since they had beaten King with batons on his arrest. This was in contrary to a video shot in this event which showed that LAPD officers continued to beat King instead of cuffing him as was in law. The also accused him of having been under influence of PCP which later test proved untrue. The video which had been shot by a neighbor as he witnessed the beatings became a focal point in the media after presentation in the court case. The five LAPD officers were charged with assault and use of excessive force. This was not however to be as some influential whites doctored the case as it was about to come for deliberation. They then proceeded to acquit the LAPD officer of assault and use of force but one. This ruling as it was heavily publicized by the media drew mixed reaction even from the president. After the verdicts, riots began in Los Angeles and continued to escalate despite the presence of National Guard, the Army and the Marines. Over the next few days numerous acts of violence and looting were recorded as well as personal engagement among the law enforcers, the blacks and the whites. They included beatings received by Reginald Denny, a white truck driver by blacks an incident recorded live on television. This was followed by Fidel Lopez severe beating and possible killing of him though he was rescued. The second and third day too were marked by widespread riots and massive destruction even after law enforcers numbers were increased. Many important American figures were also drawn in to numerous debates as well as begging for end of hostilities. Order started to flow back from the fourth day but not after massive destruction in the city had occurred. The final statistics recorded 53 dead, 2,000 injured, material loss of approximately $ 1 billion, and over 3,000 arson cases destroying more than one thousand buildings. The factors that led to Los Angeles riots were cited including a fatal shooting of a black teenager by a Korean American. Others included cultural differences, high unemployment among the residents of Central Los Angeles due to recession and poverty. Sociologists on their part cited disparity in economic growth as a cause which led to powerlessness and frustration among urban dwellers. In conclusion, riots have continued to wreck havoc on the society and the general order of things. From the many instances that have been recorded in history it is clear that they have causes and if dealt with properly, urban riots can be avoided. The government must therefore put in measures to ensure there is equal employment opportunity for all people regardless of their racial background. Social institutions which promote unity and shun segregation also need to be encouraged in order to avoid urban riots (Dreier 52).

Anne Frank :: World War II History

Anne Frank Anne Frank lived with her family in a pleasant house. For Anne and her sister, Margot, their early childhood was a sucure place inhabited by loving parents, relatives and nurses. However, the Nazis had gained power in some parts of Germany. The Nazis wanted all Jews to be killed. Otto Frank, Anne's father, did not hestitate to wait for the Nazis to come into full power. In 1933, the Franks left Frankfort. Mrs. Frank and the two girls joined her mother in Aachen, near the Belgian border. Otto Frank went to Holland and started a business in food products. In the spring of 1934, the Franks reunited and settled in Amsterdam. Anne Frank lived in Amsterdam happily, like she did in Frankfort. She attended Montessori School and had a host of friends. Her father, however, was still worried for in Germany the Nazis gained almost complete power. In 1940, the Germans envaded and conquered Holland. Anne's life had changed by the Germans taking control. She could not go to her school, and was to attend the Jewish Lyceum. No Jews were allowed out on the streets at night. In 1941, the Germans had their first round-up of Jews in Amsterdam. 5 months later, the Germans summonded 16-year-old Margot Frank to report for deportation. Otto Frank, however, had contact with Dutch friends, and were able to hide out in the attic of a house. The morning after Margot was summonded they left Amsterdam and went to the attic of the house called the Secret Annexe. In the Secret Annexe they were joined by the Van Daan family. There was Mr. and Mrs. Van Daan and their son Peter. Later, a eldery dentist, Alburt Dussel, was invited to share their refuge. The 8 Jews hid in the Secert Annexe for many years. Otto Frank's Dutch friends, brought them food and even gifts. The news in the fall of 1942 was terrifying for the Franks. The roundup of Jews from Holland was proceeding according to plan. While the Franks were in hiding, Germany was at the height of conquest. But of August 4, 1944, the Gestapo penetrated into the Frnak's hiding place. The 8 Jews, together were taken to Gestapo headquaters in Amsterdam. The Franks, Van Daans, and Mr. Dussel were sent to Westbork. Anne Frank, Diary of a Young Girl was actually the diary of Anne Frank. Anne Frank was a girl who lived with her family during the time of while the Nazis took power.

Argyle & Tuckman’s Theories of Communication

This assignment will discuss two well known theories of effective communication. Firstly it will look at Michael Argyle (1972), the cycle of communication and then it will discuss Bruce Tuckman (1965) stages of communication. Michael Argyle (1972) looks at the cycle of communication which involves six stages this is about sending receiving and the decoding of messages between individual and also groups. 1.An ideas occurs – when one has thought of an idea that they want to express with another person/s2.Message coded – when the idea has been thought through, there is a thought process of how this idea is going to then be communicated. There is a thought as to how this message is going to express it, as it could be through language, writing, sign or symbols or whatever it may be.3.Message sent – articulate the message, may it be verbal, written, sign or use what would be most appropriate in order to communicate effectively.4.Message received – when the messa ge has been heard or seen, depending on how the message was sent in the first place.5.Message decoded – this is where the person who had received the message is starting to make sense of the message. As one tries to decode the message is received is at this point where they can miss interpret the message.6.Message understood – providing that all goes well the initial idea is then understood but sometimes this doesn’t always happen. Once there is understanding thenBruce Tuckman’s (1965), stages of communication looks at how a group of people have to develop their behaviour in order to become an effective group, all to reach a common goal. His sequential theory has four stages of communication. 1.Forming – has been considered to be the introduction stage, where it is not clear to the group what their purpose is. At the same time they put one another under scrutiny as they are not too familiar with each other, so there in not much in the way of trust either. So as a result of this some may not be happy with the idea. Some may be feeling frustrated where as others may just have some issues about working with  particular people. There could be a lack of values and some prejudices may possibly be expressed initially to some members of the group.2.Storming – when putting certain characters together that usually don’t work with one another, it at this stage where the competition is rife as there is a power struggle within the group as some may try to change the team’s mission. This could result in arguments about how the group is going work and what roles each member will be having. Eventually the team itself could splint. As a result of putting different people together, the group begins to form relationships with each other and can sometimes for smaller group. This causes the lack of motivation, anxiety and frustration resulting in the groups failure to complete the mission.3.Norming – during this stag e the trust and respect is developing amongst the members of the group, since it becomes clear that each member has a role and they are aware of what their role will be. As a result of them coming together with a common goal they all have a shared expectation of each other, which is known as norm. They have fully established norm, a set of common beliefs and values. Individuals become more motivated and commitment is demonstrated with each member of the group, whilst the team is being creative. The group now have a fully defined purpose and so success begins to flow within the group.4.Performing – the group now demonstrates that actually they are able to perform the task effectively as members feel comfortable, at ease and have a sense of belonging to the group as a whole. There is a high sense of morale as the group experience high levels of trust, pride and support from each other and so now this group begin to feel that their performance has been of better-quality.More oft en than not I believe that the patterns of behaviour do actually arise in some individuals. There are those that are more extreme than others, whereas some are less extreme but none the less this does not suggest that people cannot work well together. According to Tuckman’s theory these stages can be very effective in breaking down the barriers of  communication within a group of individuals that have a common goal. With Argyle’s theory it is agreed that this very process does actually taken place when communication but at the same time it could easily breakdown when the message has been misunderstood of misheard.

My Life as a Carbon Atom In The Bush essays

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Dreams4 essays

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Should our national energy policy focus on building more nuclear power Essay

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